From the PLO to Hamas and Hezbollah: Strategic Killings or Strategic Errors?

Written by Elijah J. Magnier

Zionist terrorist groups, notably the Irgun and Lehi (the Stern Gang), led by figures such as Menachem Begin and Yitzhak Shamir* (originally named Icchak Jeziernicky), were pioneers in carrying out “targeted assassination” operations against British officials and Arab leaders during the British Mandate in Palestine. These assassination campaigns were part of a broader strategy to destabilise British control and intimidate Arab leaders who opposed Zionist objectives. Prominent examples of these targeted assassinations include the killing of Lord Moyne in 1944, the bombing of the King David Hotel, and the assassinations of Fakhri al-Khalidi in 1947 and Abdul Khader al-Husseini in 1948. The Zionists believed these assassinations were necessary measures in “the struggle for and protection of the Jewish state, to disrupt and deter enemies,” and to send a message that leaders and activists could be reached anywhere, anytime. Israel succeeded in its goals through assassinations and special operations outside its borders to deter countries and revolutionary non-ideological organisations.

However, it has failed miserably against non-state actors’ decentralised ideological leadership structures and countries like Iran. These entities are determined to develop their capabilities and achieve independence, even at the cost of enduring continuous assassinations of their commanders and leaders. The assassination of ideological leaders is often framed as martyrdom, which can inspire and mobilise supporters. This phenomenon can enhance recruitment efforts and galvanise the group’s base, as seen with various Palestinian and Lebanese groups. In many cases, targeted assassinations have led to a hardening of the group’s stance and an escalation in their tactics, increasing their operational capabilities and attacks after the killing of their leaders. Furthermore, these assassinations have failed to alter the group’s long-term objectives or motivations.

Israel Sabotage Attacks Against Nations:

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